On when the two inputs match. An XOR with one extra inverter on the output. Footprint 6 wide × 5 deep × 2 tall. Build it block by block in Minecraft.
XNOR is "XOR followed by a NOT". Build the four-torch XOR, then tack one more inverter on its output.
A XNOR B = ¬(A ⊕ B) — just one inversion on the XOR's output flips the
truth table, lighting the output when A equals B.
If you want XNOR directly without building XOR first, the expression
(A ∧ B) ∨ (¬A ∧ ¬B) gives the same result — two ANDs and an OR. Same
number of torches as the "XOR + NOT" version, but the wiring is a touch
different. Pick whichever fits your space better.
Equality checks, parity-error detection, sign-bit comparison in
comparators. If you're building a "does X equal Y?" test in a CPU,
a row of XNORs is the start.